Windows#

For now, it is possible to build Phoenix-RTOS images for all targets and run ia32-generic-qemu on Windows using Cygwin or WSL. Running the rest of targets is under development.

Cygwin#

To start, we need to download and install the QEMU environment on Windows. It’s important to do it first to avoid issues with the qemu-integration tool.

How to install QEMU on Windows (click to expand)  

To do this, go to the official QEMU website and select a mirror targeted for your system.

OS bit selection Then it should be installed with the default configuration.

Next up we need to download Cygwin from the official website. It is a collection of Open Source tools that provides functionality similar to a Linux distribution on Windows.

Cygwin installation/update process (click to expand)  

  • The installation process also serves as a package manager. Cygwin will ask about a type of installation in our case it will be first choice (Install from Internet).

cygwin-download-source

  • After that, it will ask about the destination of a root and local package directory

cygwin-root-dir cygwin-local-directory

  • Cygwin has the capability of using host’s internet connection, but it needs to be configured with our preferences (In most scenario it will be System Proxy Settings)

cygwin-internet-connection

  • Selection of a mirror for package downloads can be tricky, sometimes it needs to be changed for better results because not all mirrors have all available packets. That’s why it’s recommended to install only the necessary ones at first as it is done in the next instructions.

cygwin-mirror-selection

  • After selecting the mirror, we can select the packages we want. For now only lynx and wget should be chosen (they will be installed with required dependencies). Those tools are mandatory to use package manager apt-cyg and install the rest of required packages in Cygwin terminal (explained further).

  • Note that Install will be printed instead of Reinstall in case that you are executing the installation for a first time.

cygwin-selecting-packages

  • Once these are chosen, proceed to run the installation process.

 

The next step is to run Cygwin terminal. Always run it as administrator, the best way to do that is simply setup this as default action:

How to run Cygwin as administrator by default (click to expand)  

Right-click on the Cygwin64Terminal icon, then go to Properties ⇾ Compatibility ⇾ Settings and choose Run this program as an administrator

 

After launching the terminal, it may happen that working directory is wrong. It can be corrected by moving to the home directory.

Show more about changing directories in Cygwin.  

To simply change a directory to home, the cd command may be used:

cd

This will move you to the default home directory placed in cygwin64/home/admin/ on Windows (cygwin64 placed in the Cygwin installation path). Then the terminal is pointed as ~, and it determines you are in home directory. It will look like:

pc@user ~
$
 

Now the packages required for launching Phoenix-RTOS may be installed. It can be done using the following command:

lynx -source rawgit.com/transcode-open/apt-cyg/master/apt-cyg > apt-cyg && \
install apt-cyg /bin && \
apt-cyg install libhidapi-devel libgccpp1 libtool \
libusb-devel libvirt-client libvirt-devel \
mingw64-i686-gcc-core mingw64-i686-gcc-g++ \
mingw64-x86_64-gcc-core mingw64-x86_64-gcc-g++ \
gcc-core gcc-g++ libclang-devel nano vim \
patch picocom python3 python3-pip python3-sphinx \
python3-devel qemu-integration symlinks \
tty-clock usbutils virt-viewer make autoconf \
automake cmake libc-client-devel git

 

Before performing the next steps Cygwin needs to download all dependencies to the packages that were installed. Launch Cygwin installation again and now in the package’s section we can see tons of libraries that were automatically added to the list. All that we need is to execute the installing process.

The next step is to prepare the genext2fs library and clone the repository. We need to make manually genext2fs library, because Cygwin doesn’t support it, and it’s mandatory in case of creating images for the ia32 system.

To do this, paste the following into the Cygwin terminal:

Make genext2fs package and download phoenix-rtos (click to expand)

 

git clone --recursive https://github.com/bestouff/genext2fs &&\
cd genext2fs &&\
./autogen.sh &&\
./configure &&\
make &&\
make install &&\
make check &&\
cd .. &&\
rm -rf genext2fs apt-cyg
 

Finally, all external tools are on place. Now what was left is to copy repository with all submodules.

To do that call this command in home directory:

git clone --recursive https://github.com/phoenix-rtos/phoenix-rtos-project/

Now, we can follow instructions about building toolchains. Remember to use commands inside phoenix-rtos-project folder.

(Quick tip: It is not mandatory but turning off Real-Time Protection in Windows Defender speeds up this process)

 cd phoenix-rtos-project

(cd phoenix-rtos-build/toolchain/ && ./build-toolchain.sh i386-pc-phoenix ~/toolchains/i386-pc-phoenix)
(cd phoenix-rtos-build/toolchain/ && ./build-toolchain.sh arm-phoenix ~/toolchains/arm-phoenix)
(cd phoenix-rtos-build/toolchain/ && ./build-toolchain.sh riscv64-phoenix ~/toolchains/riscv64-phoenix)
(cd phoenix-rtos-build/toolchain/ && ./build-toolchain.sh sparc-phoenix ~/toolchains/sparc-phoenix)

Adding toolchain binaries to the PATH variable can also be tricky. On Windows, we move over folders with names containing white spaces, after using:

echo "export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/toolchains/i386-pc-phoenix/i386-pc-phoenix/bin/:$HOME/toolchains/arm-phoenix/arm-phoenix/bin/:$HOME/toolchains/riscv64-phoenix/riscv64-phoenix/bin/:$HOME/toolchains/sparc-phoenix/sparc-phoenix/bin/" >> $HOME/.bashrc

After calling this we need to fix paths in .bashrc file e.g. C:\x\y z\d we must change to C:\x\'y z'\d.

This simple change will fix all unwanted messages at the start of the Cygwin terminal, and it will allow us to use the toolchain without setting the path every time.

Now it should be possible to build the Phoenix-RTOS system image with the full configuration excluding tests:

TARGET=ia32-generic-qemu CONSOLE=serial phoenix-rtos-build/build.sh all

Of course, you can build the system image for this target in different configuration. More information here.

In case of performing all steps right, the statement about successful build will be printed. The kernel and disk images will be available in the _boot directory then.

Then you can follow instructions from ia32-generic-qemu quick-start.

  • Note that QEMU is already installed, so this step should be skipped.

WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux)#

This part is only available for users with Windows 10 (version 1709 or later) and all versions of Windows 11

WSL is based on a Linux virtualization environment within a Windows system. To properly install WSL it’s needed to enable virtualization in BIOS settings as by default it’s disabled.

WSL we can download using winget in PowerShell (Remember to run it as an administrator):

winget install wsl

If winget is not available on your system, search for the App Installer in the Microsoft Store.

After that, we’ll need to set up an environment. In our case, we’re aiming for Ubuntu-22.04. To install it, use the following command:

wsl --install -d Ubuntu-22.04

WSL will install the subsystem and all needed components. After successful installation, we can type

wsl

In PowerShell and the entire subsystem will start up (This might take some time). On the first start, you will be prompted to create an account in the subsystem (sudo credentials).

Sudo Credentials

After that simply follow the instructions for Ubuntu written in the Building Phoenix-RTOS and ia32-generic-qemu quick-start.

(Quick tip: It is not mandatory, but turning off Real-Time Protection in Windows Defender speeds up the toolchain building process)

See also#

  1. Building Phoenix-RTOS image

  2. Toolchain

  3. Building script

  4. ia32-generic quick start

  5. Reference project

  6. Table of Contents